{"id":2139,"date":"2011-09-21T11:50:58","date_gmt":"2011-09-21T03:50:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lucien.cc\/?p=2139"},"modified":"2011-09-21T11:50:58","modified_gmt":"2011-09-21T03:50:58","slug":"20110920-gpl-%e6%a2%9d%e6%ac%be%e5%b0%8d%e6%96%bc%e8%a1%8d%e7%94%9f%e7%a8%8b%e5%bc%8f%e7%9a%84%e5%88%a4%e5%ae%9a%e6%a8%99%e6%ba%96%e8%88%87%e5%85%b6%e6%8e%88%e6%ac%8a%e6%8b%98%e6%9d%9f%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/?p=2139","title":{"rendered":"20110920-GPL \u689d\u6b3e\u5c0d\u65bc\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u6a19\u6e96\u8207\u5176\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u64f4\u6563\u7bc4\u570d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6b64\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u539f\u8f09\u65bc\u81ea\u7531\u8edf\u9ad4\u9444\u9020\u5834\u96fb\u5b50\u5831<a href=\"http:\/\/www.openfoundry.org\/tw\/previous-issue?task=view&amp;id=756\" target=\"_blank\">\u7b2c181\u671f<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"http:\/\/www.openfoundry.org\/tw\/previous-issue?task=view&amp;id=759#8447\" target=\"_blank\">183<\/a>\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>GPL \u985e\u5225\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u6700\u70ba\u4eba\u8457\u7a31\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4fbf\u662f\u5176\u300c\u727d\u4e00\u9aee\u800c\u52d5\u5168\u8eab\u300d\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\uff08License Inheritance\uff0c\u8a3b\u4e00\uff09\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u300d\u767d\u8a71\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7576\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5c07 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u6284\u5beb\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u6642\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6284\u5beb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4f54\u5c08\u6848\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6b64\u4e00 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u5728\u4e92\u52d5\u4e0a\u4ea6\u7121\u6cd5\u8207\u5176\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u5247\u6574\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u4fbf\u6703\u4e00\u9ad4\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u8a72 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u884d\u751f\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u55e3\u5f8c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5982\u679c\u518d\u884c\u6563\u5e03\u9019\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\uff0c\u4fbf\u50c5\u80fd\u9069\u7528 GPL \u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u91cb\u51fa\u3002\u800c\u7531\u65bc\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u81ea\u7531\u8edf\u9ad4\u5143\u4ef6\u88ab\u7522\u696d\u5316\u5229\u7528\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u6108\u898b\u983b\u7e41\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u4e5f\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u8996\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4fbf\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u5148\u4f9d\u8457\u4f5c\u6b0a\u6cd5\u7684\u9810\u8a2d\u8aaa\u660e\u3001\u518d\u7167 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u6587\u610f\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u8209 Linux Kernel \u7684\u5be6\u969b\u904b\u4f5c\u72c0\u6cc1\u4f50\u8b49\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u62bd\u7d72\u525d\u7e6d\u7684\u5206\u6790 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5728\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u53ca\u6b64\u6a19\u6e96\u5728\u8edf\u9ad4\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u95dc\u4fc2 (linking) \u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u53ef\u80fd\u64f4\u6563\u7684\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7bc4\u570d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><br \/>\n<strong>\u9810\u5148\u53d6\u5f97\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\u540c\u610f\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u6539\u4f5c\u7684\u524d\u63d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f9d\u6211\u570b\u8457\u4f5c\u6b0a\u6cd5\u7b2c 28 \u689d\u7684\u898f\u5b9a\uff1a\u300c\u8457\u4f5c\u4eba\u5c08\u6709\u5c07\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u6539\u4f5c\u6210\u884d\u751f\u8457\u4f5c\u6216\u7de8\u8f2f\u6210\u7de8\u8f2f\u8457\u4f5c\u4e4b\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u300d\u6240\u4ee5\u3001\u82e5\u662f\u8edf\u9ad4\u5143\u4ef6\u4e26\u975e\u81ea\u5df1\u5f9e\u7121\u5230\u6709\u91cd\u65b0\u64b0\u5beb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53d6\u7528\u4ed6\u4eba\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u6210\u679c\u4f86\u52a0\u4ee5\u6539\u5beb\u8207\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u5148\u53d6\u5f97\u8a72\u5143\u4ef6\u539f\u59cb\u6b0a\u5229\u4eba\u7684\u9810\u5148\u540c\u610f\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u3002\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u898f\u5247\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u6cd5\u662f\u898f\u5b9a\u5728\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u6b0a\u6cd5\u7b2c 101 \u689d 17 \u9805 1 \u6b3e\uff08\u8a3b\u4e8c\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u8ff0\u660e\u65b0\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u539f\u4f5c\u54c1\u800c\u53e6\u884c\u6539\u4f5c\u8005\u7686\u70ba\u884d\u751f\u8457\u4f5c (A \u201cderivative work\u201d is a work based upon one or more preexisting works.)\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u3001\u5728\u8edf\u9ad4\u8457\u4f5c\u9019\u500b\u9818\u57df\u88e1\uff0c\u4f55\u8b02\u300c\u57fa\u65bc\u539f\u4f5c\u54c1\u53e6\u884c\u6539\u4f5c (work based on the original work)\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8207\u7bc4\u570d\u5411\u4f86\u6709\u96e3\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u754c\u5b9a\u7684\u96e3\u8655\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u4e2d\u578b\u3001\u5927\u578b\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u88e1\uff0c\u5404\u5143\u4ef6\u5f7c\u6b64\u9593\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u547c\u53eb\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u5b58\u53d6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u5354\u540c\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u5143\u4ef6\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u5728\u64b0\u5beb\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e26\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5404\u4f5c\u8005\u57fa\u65bc\u5171\u540c\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u5171\u8b58\u4e0b\u53bb\u5354\u529b\u958b\u767c\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u3001\u82e5\u975e\u5728\u500b\u6848\u88e1\u5c31\u4e0d\u540c\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u300c\u4e92\u52d5\u8207\u4f9d\u5b58\u95dc\u4fc2\u300d\u4f86\u505a\u5224\u5b9a\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u3001\u5f88\u96e3\u76f4\u89c0\u7684\u53bb\u8fa8\u5225\u5404\u5143\u4ef6\u9593\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u300c\u524d\u5f8c\u63a5\u529b\u3001\u5f7c\u6b64\u4f9d\u8cf4\u300d\u7684\u7dca\u5bc6\u9023\u7d50\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u6574\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u8ad6\u70ba\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u884d\u751f\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>GPL \u64f4\u5f35\u4e86\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8207\u89e3\u91cb\u7bc4\u570d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u81ea\u7531\u958b\u6e90\u8edf\u9ad4\u7686\u5bb9\u8a31\u5f8c\u624b\u5f97\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u300c\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u91cd\u88fd\u3001\u518d\u6563\u5e03\u300d\u8a72\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u8edf\u9ad4\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8457\u4f5c\u6b0a\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u5df2\u7d93\u5c07\u9019\u500b\u300c\u5bb9\u8a31\u6539\u4f5c\u7684\u540c\u610f\u300d\u9810\u5148\u6388\u6b0a\u7d66\u5f97\u5230\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u5f8c\u624b\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f BSD\u3001MIT\u3001MPL\u3001CDDL\uff0c\u6216\u662f GPL \u985e\u5225\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u3001\u9019\u4e9b\u81ea\u7531\u958b\u6e90\u8edf\u9ad4\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u9810\u5148\u91cb\u51fa\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6539\u4f5c\u6b0a\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u8981\u6c42\u6536\u53d7\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u5f8c\u624b\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u4ee5\u9075\u5b88\u689d\u6b3e\u5176\u4ed6\u7fa9\u52d9\u6027\u8981\u6c42 (obligation) \u4f86\u4f5c\u70ba\u5f97\u5230\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u4ea4\u63db\u689d\u4ef6\uff01\u800c GPL \u985e\u5225\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u70ba\u4eba\u719f\u77e5\u8207\u5f71\u97ff\u6700\u70ba\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u6027\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u5167\u542b GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff0c\u90a3\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u6574\u500b\u5c08\u6848 (as a whole) \u6703\u88ab\u8a8d\u5b9a\u70ba GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9019\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u518d\u91cb\u51fa\u6642\uff0c\u4fbf\u5fc5\u9808\u4f9d\u7167 GPL \u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u5404\u9805\u6388\u6b0a\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f8c\u624b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u539f\u59cb\u78bc\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u6563\u5e03\u3002GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u8457\u4f5c\u6b0a\u6cd5\u7684\u9810\u8a2d\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u70ba\u64f4\u5f35\u4e86\u6cd5\u5f8b\u539f\u672c\u5c0d\u65bc\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8207\u89e3\u91cb\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u3001\u4ee5\u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u6216\u662f\u5951\u7d04\u7d04\u5b9a\u53bb\u88dc\u5145\u6cd5\u5f8b\u898f\u5b9a\u4e4b\u4e0d\u8db3\u8655\uff0c\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u79c1\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\u4e0b\u5951\u7d04\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6240\u5bb9\u8a31\u7684\u4f5c\u70ba\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u3001\u70ba\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u64f4\u5f35\u6a5f\u5236\u5f15\u767c\u904e\u5927\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u8207\u7522\u751f\u907f\u7528 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u8ff4\u907f\u6548\u61c9\uff0cGPL \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u4e5f\u660e\u6587\u8868\u9054\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u3001\u5177\u6709\u300c\u7368\u7acb\u6027\u8207\u53ef\u5340\u5206\u6027\uff08Separate and Independent\uff0c\u8a3b\u4e09\uff09\u300d\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u50c5\u8207 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u540c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u4e0b\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u884d\u751f\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u3001\u82e5\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u300cSeparate and Independent\u300d\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8a8d\u5b9a\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u805a\u5408\u4f5c\u54c1 (aggregation)\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u6563\u5e03\u6574\u500b\u805a\u5408\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u8a72 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u539f\u59cb\u78bc\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5c07 GPL \u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u53ca\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u81ea\u884c\u7de8\u5beb\u4e14\u7368\u7acb\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u500b\u5225\u5143\u4ef6\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u3001\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u7368\u7acb\u6027\u8207\u53ef\u5340\u5206\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u516c\u5b9a\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u591a\u6578 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u958b\u767c\u8005\u7686\u5df2\u5f97\u5230\u5171\u8b58\u7684\u53c3\u8003\u7bc4\u570d\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>Linus Torvalds \u8a8d\u70ba\u904b\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6027\u624d\u662f\u884d\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7279\u5fb5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u7368\u7acb\u6027\u8207\u53ef\u5340\u5206\u6027\u300d\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u76ee\u524d\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u6c7a\u4e0a\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u516c\u5b9a\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u82e5\u5e72\u7684 GPL \u8457\u540d\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u958b\u767c\u793e\u7fa4\uff0c\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u85c9\u7531\u4e0d\u9593\u65b7\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8207\u8faf\u99c1\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u6f38\u6f38\u51dd\u805a\u5171\u8b58\u8207\u7d71\u4e00\u8aaa\u6cd5\u7684\u614b\u52e2\u3002\u8209\u76ee\u524d\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u958b\u6e90\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848 Linux Kernel \u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u539f\u59cb\u5275\u4f5c\u4eba\u8207\u7cbe\u795e\u9818\u8896 Linus Torvalds \u4e5f\u66fe\u5c31\u9019\u500b\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u65bc 2001 \u5e74\u81f3 2004 \u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u4fe1\u4ef6\u5f80\u8fd4\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e32\u88e1\u7d66\u904e\u82e5\u5e72\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u8207\u5efa\u8b70\uff08\u8a3b\u56db\uff09\uff0c\u7c21\u8981\u4f86\u8aaa\u3001\u9019\u6bb5\u8a55\u8ad6\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b78\u7d0d\u70ba\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u9ede\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1\u3001\u4ee5 GPL-2.0 \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u91cb\u51fa\u7684 Linux Kernel \u78ba\u5be6\u5177\u6709\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u65bc Linux Kernel \u6240\u64b0\u5beb\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5176\u70ba\u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5f0f (driver) \u6216\u662f Kernel \u7684\u4fee\u88dc\u7a0b\u5f0f (patch) \u7686\u7121\u4f8b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u958b\u767c\u8005\u70ba Linux Kernel \u6240\u64b0\u5beb\u7684 Kernel \u6a21\u7d44 (Kernel Module) \u4ee5\u53ca\u4fee\u88dc\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u6b0a\u5229\u6b78\u5c6c\u65bc\u500b\u5225\u7684\u5275\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u7136\u82e5\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u904b\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6027\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u8a8d\u5b9a\u70ba Linux Kernel \u7684\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u5247\u518d\u91cb\u51fa\u6642\u4fbf\u5fc5\u9808\u4f9d\u7167 GPL-2.0 \u7684\u904a\u6232\u898f\u5247\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u6563\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3\u3001Linus Torvalds \u8209\u9577\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4f86\u505a\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0c\u82e5\u8b80\u8005\u9700\u8981\u8b80\u5b8c\u4e0a\u7bc7\u624d\u80fd\u770b\u61c2\u4e2d\u7bc7\uff0c\u770b\u5b8c\u4e0a\u7bc7\u3001\u4e2d\u7bc7\u624d\u80fd\u770b\u61c2\u4e0b\u7bc7\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e2d\u7bc7\u8207\u4e0b\u7bc7\u7686\u70ba\u524d\u7bc7\u7684\u884d\u751f\u8457\u4f5c\uff1b\u800c\u76f8\u82e5\u65bc\u6b64\u3001\u5047\u8a2d\u67d0\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u4ef6\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d Linux Kernel \u9032\u884c\u64b0\u5beb\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f9d\u9644\u65bc Linux Kernel \u4e4b\u4e0a\u4fbf\u5168\u7121\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u529f\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u8a72\u5143\u4ef6\u4fbf\u4e0d\u5177\u55ae\u7368\u5b58\u7acb (stand-alone) \u7684\u7368\u7acb\u6027\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4e5f\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba Linux Kernel \u7684\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4f75\u4ee5 GPL-2.0 \u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u539f\u59cb\u78bc\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u65b9\u5f0f\u5411\u5f8c\u6563\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5f8c Linus Torvalds \u66f4\u5c07\u4ed6\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u614b\u5ea6\u7de8\u5beb\u9032 Linux Kernel \u7684\u8aaa\u660e\u6a94\u6848\u88e1\uff08\u8a3b\u4e94\uff09\u6210\u70ba\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8072\u660e\u3002\u4f9d\u8457\u9019\u4efd\u8072\u660e\uff0cLinus Torvalds \u8a8d\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u8edf\u9ad4\u5143\u4ef6\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u822c system call \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u547c\u53eb Linux Kernel \u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u8b93\u9019\u500b\u5143\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba Linux Kernel \u7684\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u50c5\u662f\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u65e2\u6210\u7684\u4ecb\u9762 (interface) \u4f86\u8207 Linux Kernel \u7522\u751f\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u50c5\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u55ae\u7d14\u5229\u7528 (use the program) Linux Kernel \u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6b64\u5143\u4ef6\u8207 Linux Kernel \u4e4b\u9593\u5177\u6709\u300c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u884d\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\u300d\u3002\u81ea\u6b64\u4e4b\u5f8c\u3001\u8a31\u591a\u8edf\u9ad4\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u8a8d\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u8207 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u95dc\u4fc2\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u57fa\u65bc GPL \u7a0b\u5f0f\u6539\u4f5c (work based on the program) \u7684\u884d\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u6b64\u6642 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u6703\u64f4\u6563\u81f3\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u55ae\u7d14\u5229\u7528 (work using the program) GPL \u7a0b\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u5c55\u73fe\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u82e5\u662f\u5224\u5b9a\u662f\u7368\u7acb\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5247 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u4e0d\u6703\u64f4\u6563\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u7368\u7acb\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u7368\u7acb\u5143\u4ef6\u5728\u8207 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5408\u4f75\u6563\u5e03\u6642\uff0c\u50c5\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u8207 GPL \u7a0b\u5f0f\u7522\u751f\u4e92\u52d5\u95dc\u4fc2\u6642\u7684\u547c\u53eb\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8207\u5b89\u88dd\u6b65\u9a5f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b64\u5143\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6e90\u78bc\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/?attachment_id=2140\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2140\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2140\" title=\"license_inheritance-01\" src=\"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/license_inheritance-01.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/license_inheritance-01.png 1280w, https:\/\/lucien.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/license_inheritance-01-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/lucien.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/license_inheritance-01-1024x601.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n\u25b2 \u57161\uff1aLinux Kernel \u6e90\u78bc\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c64\u76ee\u9304\u4e0b COPYING \u6a94\u6848\u5167\u542b\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u8072\u660e<\/p>\n<p>\u52d5\u614b\uff0f\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u8868\u5f70\u7684\u662f\u5143\u4ef6\u9593\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u8207\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u95dc\u4fc2<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u7531\u65bc\u300c\u55ae\u7d14\u5229\u7528 GPL \u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u95dc\u4fc2\u300d\u8207\u300c\u57fa\u65bc GPL \u7a0b\u5f0f\u6539\u4f5c\u7684\u884d\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\u300d\u662f\u8f03\u70ba\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9762\u7684\u7528\u8a9e\uff0c\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u6642\u671f\u4e4b\u5f8c\u3001\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u958b\u6e90\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u958b\u767c\u8005\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u4ee5\u6280\u8853\u9762\u8f03\u70ba\u6163\u7528\u7684\u300c\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50 (dynamic link)\u300d\u8207\u300c\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50 (static link)\u300d\u7b49\u7528\u8a9e\u4f86\u8216\u9673 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5143\u4ef6\u9593\u300c\u6d6e\u52d5\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\uff0c\u7121\u5fc5\u7136\u9023\u7d50\u6027\u300d\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u82e5\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u88e1\u5931\u53bb\u67d0\u500b GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f46\u8a72\u5c08\u6848\u4ecd\u5177\u6709\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u50c5\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u8868\u73fe\u56e0\u5931\u53bb\u6b64\u4e00 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u986f\u5f97\u6c92\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u7248\u672c\u90a3\u9ebc\u512a\u7570\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u5927\u62b5\u4fbf\u662f\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1b\u800c\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5143\u4ef6\u4e4b\u9593\u300c\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u3001\u7121\u53ef\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u9023\u7d50\u6027\u300d\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u82e5\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u88e1\u5931\u53bb\u8a72 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5247\u8a72\u5c08\u6848\u55aa\u5931\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u6216\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u9019\u5927\u62b5\u4fbf\u662f\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u6216\u662f\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5c08\u6709\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7528\u8a9e\u6216\u662f\u6280\u8853\u8a5e\u5f59\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e8c\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u8a00\u7c21\u610f\u8cc5\u4e26\u4e14\u662f\u8edf\u9ad4\u958b\u767c\u8005\u6163\u7528\u4e26\u53ef\u5be6\u4f5c\u7684\u6280\u8853\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6f38\u6f38\u7684\u5c31\u7d04\u5b9a\u6210\u4fd7\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u8fa8\u5225 GPL \u7a0b\u5f0f\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u6163\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u958b\u767c\u8005\u4ee5\u300c\u5143\u4ef6\u9593\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u300d\uff0c\u4f86\u5c0d\u61c9\u300c\u55ae\u7d14\u5229\u7528 GPL \u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u95dc\u4fc2\u300d\uff0c\u53e6\u4ee5\u300c\u5143\u4ef6\u9593\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u300d\uff0c\u4f86\u5c0d\u61c9\u300c\u57fa\u65bc GPL \u7a0b\u5f0f\u6539\u4f5c\u7684\u884d\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\u300d\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u3001\u9019\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8f03\u70ba\u76f4\u89c0\u4e14\u7c21\u7565\u7684\u6bd4\u64ec\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u5728 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u672c\u6587\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u7ae0\u7bc0\u6709\u767b\u8f09\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u8207\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8fa8\u5225\u689d\u4ef6\u8207\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u3001\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u9019\u6a23\u7c21\u8981\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u70ba GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u521d\u968e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8fa8\u5225\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5927\u578b\u5546\u696d\u7528\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u6216\u662f\u5143\u4ef6\u4e92\u52d5\u6027\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u500b\u6848\u4e0a\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u9084\u662f\u61c9\u8a72\u56de\u6b78 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f9d\u5143\u4ef6\u5be6\u969b\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u505a\u7d30\u7bc0\u4e0a\u7684\u8a55\u5224\uff08\u8a3b\u516d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5be6\u52d9\u4e0a\u5c0d GPL \u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u53ef\u8cc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5224\u5225\u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7d9c\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\u3001\u95dc\u65bc GPL \u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u64f4\u6563\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b78\u7d0d\u51fa\u4e09\u500b\u53ef\u8cc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5224\u5225\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u8a72\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5167\u542b GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff1f\u82e5\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8a72\u5c08\u6848\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u660e\u78ba\u9069\u7528\u8a72 GPL \u5143\u4ef6\u6388\u6b0a\u4eba\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u8207\u53ef\u5340\u5206\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4f86\u5229\u7528\u9019\u500b\u5143\u4ef6\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u88e1\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u662f\u900f\u904e\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u662f\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u8a72 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u9032\u884c\u4e92\u52d5\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u82e5\u662f\u63a1\u7528\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5247\u6b64 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5426\u5c45\u65bc\u6574\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u5931\u53bb\u6b64\u4e00 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u5247\u6574\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u591a\u6578\u529f\u80fd\u4fbf\u4e0d\u5fa9\u5b8c\u6574\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u5224\u5225\u6d41\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u300c\u539f\u5247 VS. \u4f8b\u5916\u300d\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u908f\u8f2f\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5\u3001\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u4e2d\u82e5\u662f\u5167\u542b GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff0c\u5247\u539f\u5247\u4e0a GPL \u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u5df2\u7d93\u555f\u52d5\uff0c\u8a72\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u88e1\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u6703\u53d7\u5230 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u6240\u62d8\u675f\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u3001\u4f8b\u5916\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u662f\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u8a72\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u5167\u542b GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e3b\u5f35\u662f\u4ee5\u300c\u7368\u7acb\u8207\u53ef\u5340\u5206\u300d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u5229\u7528\u9019\u500b GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u4f8b\u5916\u5730\u4e0d\u53d7\u5230 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u6240\u53ca\uff1b\u63a5\u8457\u3001\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u5224\u5225\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u88e1\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u900f\u904e\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u662f\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u8207 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u4e92\u52d5\uff1f\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u82e5\u662f\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5247\u56e0\u70ba\u5143\u4ef6\u8207\u5143\u4ef6\u4e4b\u9593\u50be\u5411\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u4f9d\u7684\u878d\u5408 (merge) \u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u6574\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u6703\u88ab\u8a8d\u5b9a\u662f GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u884d\u751f\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5f8c\u7e8c\u6563\u5e03\u6642\u6703\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u5168\u90e8\u5f97\u4f9d\u7167 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6574\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6e90\u78bc\uff1b\u800c\u82e5\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u662f\u4ee5\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u6a5f\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u547c\u53eb GPL \u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u6642\u5019\u624d\u6703\u9032\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u5224\u5225\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u500b\u6848\u7684\u53bb\u5224\u5225\u8a72 GPL 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\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u53ca\u65bc\u6574\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u82e5\u6b64\u4e8c\u500b\u5b50\u984c\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u7686\u70ba\u300c\u5426\u300d\uff0c\u5247\u6b64\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53ca\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5728\u6563\u5e03\u5b83\u6642\uff0c\u4ecd\u61c9\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u8207\u6b64 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u9593\uff0c\u9023\u7d50\u547c\u53eb\u8207\u4e92\u52d5\u5c0d\u61c9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u900f\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u500b\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6aa2\u9a57\uff0cGPL 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\/>\n\u25b2 \u57162\uff1aGPL \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u57fa\u672c\u5224\u5225\u6d41\u7a0b\u793a\u610f\u5716<\/p>\n<p><strong>Android \u56e0\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u5c64\u4f8b\u5916\u5730\u4e3b\u5f35\u7368\u7acb\u6027\u8207\u53ef\u5340\u5206\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\u3001\u95dc\u65bc GPL \u5c0d\u65bc\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u6a19\u6e96\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6642\u8208\u7684\u5b50\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u696d\u754c\u4e0d\u4e4f\u5229\u7528\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u5c64 (middle layer) \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f86\u5340\u9694 GPL \u5143\u4ef6\u6240\u53ef\u80fd\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\uff0c\u6700\u986f\u8457\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3001\u5c31\u662f Google Android \u6240\u898f\u5283\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u4e2d\u9694\u5e73\u53f0\u3002Google Android \u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u5e95\u5c64\u70ba GPL-2.0 \u6388\u6b0a\u7684 Linux Kernel\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u5c64\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u662f BSD \u985e\u5225\u6216\u662f LGPL-2.1 \u985e\u5225\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab (library)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca Apache-2.0 \u6388\u6b0a\u7684 runtime system\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u5c64\u4e4b\u4e0a\u9084\u6709\u4e2d\u4ecb\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u53ca\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u6846\u67b6 (application framework)\uff0c\u6700\u4e0a\u5c64\u624d\u662f\u8b93\u500b\u5225\u5ee0\u5546\u81ea\u884c\u958b\u767c\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f (application program)\u3002\u900f\u904e\u9019\u6a23\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u5c64\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\uff0cGoogle Android \u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u5c64\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u50c5\u8207\u4e2d\u5c64\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\u6e9d\u901a\u8207\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u800c\u5e95\u5c64 Linux Kernel \u4e5f\u50c5\u8207\u4e2d\u5c64\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\u6e9d\u901a\u8207\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4e0a\u5c64\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u76f4\u63a5\u8207\u5e95\u5c64\u7684 Linux Kernel 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system\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4ee5\u7121\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u6216\u662f\u5f31\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8edf\u9ad4\u5143\u4ef6\u4f86\u71df\u5efa\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u3001\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u5c64\u90e8\u4efd\u4f9d\u5176\u6388\u6b0a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c0d\u5916\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6e90\u78bc\u4e26\u5141\u8a31\u5f8c\u7e8c\u6563\u5e03\u7684\uff0c\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u5c64\u4fbf\u5177\u6709\u5be6\u4f5c\u4e0a\u300c\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u6709\u7a0b\u5f0f\u958b\u767c\u8005\u9858\u610f\u82b1\u8cbb\u6642\u9593\u5c07\u6b64\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u5c64\u79fb\u690d\u81f3\u5176\u4ed6\u975e Linux Kernel \u7684\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u53bb\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u65e2\u7136\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u5c64\u8207\u63a1\u7528 GPL-2.0 \u6388\u6b0a\u7684 Linux Kernel \u4e4b\u9593\u5177\u6709\u300c\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u3001\u53ef\u62c6\u89e3\u300d\u7684\u300c\u7368\u7acb\u6027\u8207\u53ef\u5340\u5206\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u5c31\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u88ab\u8a8d\u5b9a\u70ba\u9664\u5916\u65bc GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u53d7\u5230 GPL-2.0 \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u64f4\u6563\u62d8\u675f\uff08\u8a3b\u4e03\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/?attachment_id=2142\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-2142\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2142\" title=\"license_inheritance-03\" src=\"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/license_inheritance-03.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/license_inheritance-03.png 1058w, https:\/\/lucien.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/license_inheritance-03-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/lucien.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/license_inheritance-03-1024x768.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1058px) 100vw, 1058px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n\u25b2 \u57163\uff1aGoogle Android \u5e73\u53f0\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u96e2\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u67b6\u69cb\u5716<\/p>\n<p>Google Android \u5e73\u53f0\u9019\u7a2e\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u96e2 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u696d\u754c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e4f\u898b\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u985e\u4f3c\u4f5c\u6cd5\uff08\u8a3b\u516b\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u4e2d\u9694\u624b\u6cd5\u3001\u4e5f\u4e26\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u6703\u5f15\u767c\u6388\u6b0a\u722d\u8b70\uff0c\u8209 Google Android \u5e73\u53f0\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u9ede\u662f\u7531\u65bc Google Android \u5e73\u53f0\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u5c64\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u5b8c\u6574\u3001\u4f48\u5c40\u56b4\u5bc6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u6613\u88ab\u81ea\u7531\u958b\u6e90\u8edf\u9ad4\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8996\u4e4b\u70ba\u4ee5\u7c21\u964b\u7684\u4e2d\u9694\u4ecb\u9762\u60e1\u610f\u898f\u907f GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u6027\u898f\u5b9a\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9ede\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u5c64\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba Linux Kernel \u6838\u5fc3\u958b\u767c\u7fa4\u8207\u5176\u7cbe\u795e\u9818\u8896 Linus Torvalds\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc GPL-2.0 \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u5728\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7bc4\u570d\u4e0a\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u614b\u5ea6\u8f03\u70ba\u5bec\u9b06\uff0c\u5176\u8a8d\u70ba Linux Kernel \u4e4b\u4e0a\u5b58\u6709\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7136\u53d7\u5230 Kernel \u6388\u6b0a\u72c0\u614b\u62d8\u675f\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7a7a\u9593 (user space)\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53d6\u7528 Linux Kernel \u7684 Google Android \u5e73\u53f0\u4fbf\u53ef\u4f9d\u6b64\u89c0\u9ede\u5c0d Linux Kernel \u9032\u884c\u4e2d\u9694\u8655\u7406\u3002\u800c\u96d6\u7136 Linux Kernel \u591a\u6578\u6838\u5fc3\u958b\u767c\u7fa4\u540c\u610f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4f46\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u985e\u63a8\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee5 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5176\u8edf\u9ad4\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u958b\u6e90\u8edf\u9ad4\u793e\u7fa4\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u540c\u610f\u4ee5\u6b64\u7a2e\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u5c64\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u80fd\u5c07 GPL \u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u5b8c\u5168\u9694\u96e2\u6389\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u3001\u82e5\u662f\u8981\u5c07\u65e5\u5f8c\u53ef\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u722d\u8a1f\u8207\u4fb5\u6b0a\u98a8\u96aa\u964d\u5230\u6700\u4f4e\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e0a\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5f97\u4f9d\u6240\u4f7f\u7528 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u7d30\u90e8\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u500b\u6848\u5f0f\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u662f\u5426\u958b\u555f GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u4ecd\u9700\u8003\u7a76\u5be6\u52d9\u7684\u500b\u5225\u60c5\u6cc1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u55ae\u7d14\u5728\u5c08\u6848\u88e1\u5229\u7528 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u4e26\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7136\u6703\u958b\u555f\u5176\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u5019\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u7591\u616e\u548c\u6050\u61fc\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8aa4\u89e3\u4e26\u4e14\u904e\u5ea6\u64f4\u5927\u89e3\u8b80\u4e86\uff08\u8a3b\u4e5d\uff09\u3002\u672c\u6587\u521d\u59cb\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u63a1\u7528\u300c\u727d\u4e00\u9aee\u800c\u52d5\u5168\u8eab\u300d\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u4f86\u6bd4\u64ec GPL \u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u5229\u7528\u7c21\u660e\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u63d0\u9192\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u500b\u5225\u7684 GPL \u5143\u4ef6\u82e5\u662f\u63a1\u7528\u52d5\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5c08\u6848\u958b\u767c\u8005\u4e5f\u80fd\u5920\u627e\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u6388\u6b0a\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5143\u4ef6\u5c07\u5176\u6240\u8ca0\u8cac\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4ee3\u63db\u6389\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8de1\u8c61\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b49\u660e\u8a72\u5143\u4ef6\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u8207\u6574\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u5728\u958b\u767c\u4e0a\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u4e0d\u6df1\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u62d4\u800c\u8d77\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u6bdb\u9aee\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u5c07\u5176 GPL \u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u7279\u6027\u50b3\u5c0e\u5230\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u4efd\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u3001\u82e5\u662f\u8a72 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u662f\u63a1\u7528\u975c\u614b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u8868\u73fe\u4e0a\u5c45\u65bc\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6b64\u4e00 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u5728\u904b\u4f5c\u4e0a\u4fbf\u8207\u6574\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u9ebc\u8f15\u6613\u5730\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u66f4\u63db\u3001\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e32\u8207\u982d\u76ae\u7dca\u5bc6\u9023\u7d50 (link) \u7684\u6bdb\u9aee\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u8f15\u6613\u62d4\u9664\u4e26\u4e14\u95dc\u806f\u64bc\u52d5\u5168\u8eab\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u8a72\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u4ef6\u4fbf\u6703\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u662f GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u884d\u751f\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6574\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u4fbf\u9032\u5165\u4e86 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u7279\u6027\u7684\u64f4\u6563\u7bc4\u570d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u95dc\u65bc GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u64f4\u6563\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u4ecd\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u6c7a\u662f\u5c31\u6b64\u8b70\u984c\u9032\u884c\u7d30\u7bc0\u91d0\u6e05\u8207\u7bc4\u570d\u754c\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6b64\u8b70\u984c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u8207\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u6b0a\u5a01\u4e26\u53ef\u64da\u4ee5\u7c21\u55ae\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u9075\u5faa\u6cd5\u5247\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u3001\u4e5f\u4ecd\u7136\u8655\u65bc\u300c\u4e00\u500b GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u3001\u500b\u81ea\u89e3\u8b80\u300d\u7684\u7070\u8272\u5730\u5e36\u3002\u672c\u6587\u50c5\u5148\u5c31\u6b64\u8b70\u984c\u539f\u5247\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u5357\u9032\u884c\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u81f3\u4e09\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9a5f\u4f86\u8b93\u8b80\u8005\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u6210\u7c21\u6613\u9a57\u8b49\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u82e5\u662f\u7279\u5b9a GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u63a1\u7528\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u5927\u578b\u5546\u7528\u5c08\u6848\u6216\u662f\u5143\u4ef6\u4e92\u52d5\u6027\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u5247\u5efa\u8b70\u9084\u662f\u61c9\u8a72\u500b\u6848\u5f0f\u7684\u4f9d\u5143\u4ef6\u5be6\u969b\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c08\u6848\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u505a\u7d30\u7bc0\u4e0a\u7684\u8a55\u5224\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u8207\u6b64\u8b70\u984c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u7ae0\u7f85\u5217\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f9b\u5c0d\u6b64\u8b70\u984c\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u64da\u6b64\u67e5\u8b49\u539f\u5178\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Linus Torvalds \u65bc\u7db2\u8def\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e32\u88e1\uff0c\u767c\u8868\u5176\u5c0d GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u610f\u898b\u8207\u7acb\u5834\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/linuxmafia.com\/faq\/Kernel\/proprietary-kernel-modules.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/linuxmafia.com\/faq\/Kernel\/proprietary-kernel-modules.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Lawrence Rosen \u6240\u8457\u5c08\u6587\u300cGeneral Public License, Explained\u300d\uff0c\u8aaa\u660e GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u63a8\u5ee3\u300cLicense Inheritance\u300d\u6b64\u4e00\u5d84\u65b0\u540d\u8a5e\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sitepoint.com\/public-license-explained\/ \" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.sitepoint.com\/public-license-explained\/ <\/a><\/li>\n<li>Carsten Emde \u65bc 2008 \u5e74 11 \u6708\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u7c21\u5831\uff0c\u7db1\u8209\u76ee\u5f35\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u904b\u4f5c\u5728 user space \u4e0b\u7684\u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8207 Linux Kernel \u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.osadl.org\/fileadmin\/dam\/presentations\/FAPI-UIO-SPS-2008.pdf \" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.osadl.org\/fileadmin\/dam\/presentations\/FAPI-UIO-SPS-2008.pdf <\/a><\/li>\n<li>Greg Kroah-Hartman \u65bc\u5176 2006 \u5e74\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6279\u8ad6\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6e90\u78bc\u7684\u5c08\u5c6c\u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u9055\u53cd\u4e86 GPL \u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.kroah.com\/log\/linux\/ols_2006_keynote.html \" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.kroah.com\/log\/linux\/ols_2006_keynote.html <\/a><\/li>\n<li>Greg Kroah-Hartman \u65bc 2006 \u5e74 8 \u6708\u767c\u8868 UIO \u4f5c\u6cd5\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\u9801\u9762\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/lkml.indiana.edu\/hypermail\/linux\/kernel\/0608.3\/1908.html \" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/lkml.indiana.edu\/hypermail\/linux\/kernel\/0608.3\/1908.html <\/a><\/li>\n<li>Jonathan Corbet 2004 \u5e74 1 \u6708 \u65bc LWN.net \u7684\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6 user space \u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u6280\u8853\u5167\u5bb9\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/66829\/  \" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/66829\/\u00a0 <\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e00\uff1a\u76f8\u985e\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\u5305\u62ec\u65e9\u671f\u4ee5\u6279\u5224\u89d2\u5ea6\u7acb\u8ad6\u7684\u300c\u64f4\u6563\u6548\u61c9 (tainting effect)\u300d\u3001\u300c\u611f\u67d3\u7279\u6027 (viral effect)\u300d\uff0c\u81f3 Patrick J. Moran \u65bc 2003 \u5e74\u7f8e\u570b\u592a\u7a7a\u7e3d\u7f72 (NASA) \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6539\u4ee5\u8f03\u4e2d\u5eb8\u800c\u4e0d\u5e36\u8a55\u8b70\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u300c\u6388\u6b0a\u652b\u53d6\u6027 (License Capture)\u300d\u7a31\u4e4b\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u9078\u7528 Lawrence Rosen \u6240\u63a8\u5ee3\u4e4b\u300cLicense Inheritance\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u5f70\u6b64\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u7acb\u610f\u826f\u5584\uff0c\u5176\u5c0e\u5f15 GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7248\u672c\u7686\u9700\u300c\u627f\u7e7c\u300d\u539f\u59cb\u8457\u4f5c\u6b0a\u5229\u4eba\u9810\u8a2d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6e90\u78bc\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u91cb\u51fa\u884d\u751f\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u65bd\u884c\u4e0a\u3001\u4e5f\u5c0d\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5e36\u4f86\u82e5\u5e72\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u53bb\u9075\u5f9e\u7684\u300c\u62d8\u675f\u300d\uff0c\u6545\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e8c\uff1aA \u201cderivative work\u201d is a work based upon one or more preexisting works, such as a translation, musical arrangement, dramatization, fictionalization, motion picture version, sound recording, art reproduction, abridgment, condensation, or any other form in which a work may be recast, transformed, or adapted. A work consisting of editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications, which, as a whole, represent an original work of authorship, is a \u201cderivative work\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e09\uff1a\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u689d\u6b3e\u6587\u5b57\u51fa\u73fe\u5728 GPL-2.0 \u7b2c 2 \u689d \u7b2c 2 \u9805\uff1a\u201dIf identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works.\u201d\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca GPL-3.0 \u7b2c 5 \u689d \u7b2c 2 \u9805\uff1a\u201dA compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work, and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an \u201caggregate\u201d if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation&#8217;s users beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other parts of the aggregate.\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u56db\uff1a\u539f\u59cb\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e32\u5167\u5bb9\u5df2\u56e0\u7a7a\u9593\u8f49\u5740\u800c\u5931\u806f\uff0c\u4f46\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4ea6\u5df2\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u8f49\u9304\u81f3\u8a31\u591a Linux Kernel \u76f8\u95dc\u7db2\u7ad9\uff0c\u5982\u53f3\u5217\u9023\u7d50\u5373\u70ba\u4e00\u4f8b\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/linuxmafia.com\/faq\/Kernel\/proprietary-kernel-modules.html \" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/linuxmafia.com\/faq\/Kernel\/proprietary-kernel-modules.html <\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e94\uff1a\u8aaa\u660e\u6a94\u6848\u540d\u70ba COPYING\uff0c\u5176\u5132\u653e\u65bc Linux Kernel \u7a0b\u5f0f\u6e90\u78bc\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c64\u9762\u9304\u4e0b\uff1a\u300cNOTE! This copyright does *not* cover user programs that use kernel services by normal system calls &#8211; this is merely considered normal use of the kernel, and does *not* fall under the heading of \u201cderived work\u201d.\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u516d\uff1a\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5143\u4ef6\u9593\u4e92\u52d5\u8207\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8b8a\u9ad4\uff0c\u90e8\u4efd\u81ea\u7531\u8edf\u9ad4\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u958b\u767c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5143\u4ef6\u900f\u904e\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u547c\u53eb GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u61c9\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u958b GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u64f4\u6563\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4e3b\u5f35\u900f\u904e unix socket\uff0c\u6216\u662f pipe \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u6e9d\u901a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u9664\u5916\u6548\u679c\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u3001\u82e5\u662f\u4f9d GPL \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u6587\u7fa9\u8207\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u6b64\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u98a8\u96aa\u6703\u88ab\u8996\u70ba GPL \u7fa9\u52d9\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u898f\u907f\uff0c\u800c\u7522\u751f\u5f8c\u7e8c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 2007 \u5e74\u672b\u65b0\u7de8\u64b0\u7684 AGPL-3.0 (GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE version 3)\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u7db2\u8def\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u547c\u53eb\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u88dc\u5f37\uff0c\u5176\u5c07\u7db2\u8def\u9023\u7d50 AGPL-3.0 \u884d\u751f\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6563\u5e03\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u9042\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u7684\u64f4\u5f35\u4e86 AGPL-3.0 \u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7bc4\u570d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e03\uff1a\u6b64\u7a2e\u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u96e2\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u67b6\u69cb\u5728 GPL-2.0 \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u88e1\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u660e\u6587\u8ff0\u53ca\uff0c\u4f46\u5728 GPL-3.0 \u88e1\u958b\u59cb\u6709\u7c21\u8981\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5c0d\u6b64\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u901a\u4fd7\u7528\u8a9e\u70ba\u300cwell defined interface\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u65bc GPL-3.0 \u6388\u6b0a\u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f4d\u65bc\u7b2c 1 \u689d\u7b2c 3 \u9805 (b) \u6b3e\uff1aserves only to enable use of the work with that Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an implementation is available to the public in source code form.<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u516b\uff1a\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u786c\u9ad4\u88dd\u7f6e\u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5f0f (driver) \u65b9\u9762\u7684 UIO \u4e2d\u4ecb\u9694\u96e2\u6a21\u5f0f (the user space I\/O system)\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u8207 Google Android \u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\u5341\u5206\u985e\u540c\uff0c\u5176\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u53ca Linux Kernel \u4e4b\u9593\u9694\u4e00\u5c64\u4ee5 LGPL\u3001BSD\u3001MIT \u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba GPL-2.0 \u6388\u6b0a\u65b9\u5f0f\u300c\u5438\u7d0d\u540c\u5316 (merge)\u300d\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\u7a0b\u5f0f\u505a\u70ba\u4e2d\u4ecb\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u5c07\u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5167\u542b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u64b0\u5beb\u5728\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u5c64\u7d1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u904b\u4f5c\u5728 user space \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9593\u63a5\u900f\u904e\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\u4f86\u8207 Linux Kernel \u9032\u884c\u4e92\u52d5\u8207\u5b58\u53d6\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5340\u9694\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u81ea\u7531\u8edf\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u958b\u767c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5beb\u5728\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5c64\u7d1a\u7684\u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u4e0d\u88ab\u5217\u5165 Linux Kernel \u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u64f4\u6563\u7bc4\u570d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e5d\uff1a\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u8207\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u53ef\u53c3\u7167 Lawrence Rosen \u6240\u8457\u5c08\u6587\u300cGeneral Public License, Explained\u300d\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sitepoint.com\/public-license-explained\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.sitepoint.com\/public-license-explained\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6b64\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u539f\u8f09\u65bc\u81ea\u7531\u8edf\u9ad4\u9444\u9020\u5834\u96fb\u5b50\u5831\u7b2c181\u671f\u3001183\u671f\u3002 GPL \u985e\u5225\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u6700\u70ba\u4eba\u8457\u7a31\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4fbf\u662f\u5176\u300c\u727d\u4e00&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/?p=2139\">\u7e7c\u7e8c\u95b1\u8b80 <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">20110920-GPL \u689d\u6b3e\u5c0d\u65bc\u884d\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u6a19\u6e96\u8207\u5176\u6388\u6b0a\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u7684\u64f4\u6563\u7bc4\u570d<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\" aria-hidden=\"true\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2141,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[52,54,98,99,100,114,138],"class_list":["post-2139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-writing","tag-compatible","tag-copyright","tag-gpl","tag-gpl-2-0","tag-gpl-3-0","tag-ipr","tag-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2139","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2139"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2139\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2141"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2139"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2139"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucien.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2139"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}